Ethical And Legal Issues With Mergers And Acquisitions

Ethical and Legal Issues with Mergers and Acquisitions The legal and ethical issues that should be considered before merger would be composing the team after the merger, pre-selection and selection of persons, and conducting full due diligence. Merging two companies consist of a plethora of rules and regulations, such as processes that are required and what is permissible. A certain legal issues at every stage of a merger or an acquisition. Being knowledgeable as to what these legal issues are imperative to alleviate ant undo repercussions. Due diligence is an important part of the process to consider. The process of Due Diligence is acting on all of the liabilities of the new business and verifying the accuracy of the claims made by the†¦show more content†¦The seller will provide verifiable assurance in writing which is known as the warranty, which may also be required by the business’s assets, order book, employees, legal claims, audited accounts, debtors and creditors. It is also important to know that the seller can fully reimburse you in certain situations, which are called indemnity. After an acquisition or merger staff cuts or changes often take place to increase efficiency. Efficiency is a very attractive feature of an acquisition or merger, but cuts and changes may have to be made in order to achieve it. This leads to the next category â€Å"Information and consultation of employees regulations†. Although it is up to whoever is acquiring or merging with another company to give as much information to the employees as they like, you must make sure you abide by the Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations. Further, in a merger or acquisition setting, redundancies or other labour-related changes are more likely to occur and trigger the provisions contained in the Employment and Labour Relations Act 2004 governing the entitlement of employees. Under this Act, trade unions and employees must be notified even though they cannot stop a merger or an acquisition from taking place. (Mergers and Acquisitions 2015) It is imperative for the target company to review the acquirer’s representations, warranties and disclosure schedules to ensure there are no breaches of authority, capitalization, compliance with law,Show MoreRelatedEthical Issues Within The Whole Merger Process Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pagesspecific consideration for the legal and ethical issues within the whole merger process, accompanying with suggested implementation plan for managing the prospect legal and ethical anxieties for the merger, the proposed plan clarifies establishing an ethical and healthy work environment with proposed resolution to the mentioned issues. Consideration of the ethical issues during the whole merge process. The HR management interface with complex ethical issues. The ethical dilemmas definition is whenRead MoreLegal And Ethical Issues Of Mergers And Mergers1085 Words   |  5 PagesHostile takeovers are no longer common as they were in the 1980s. However, legal and ethical issues still surround mergers and takeovers (Thomas, 2009). This document examines and identifies legal and ethical issues which the merging parties should consider before, during and after a merger. The document will also look at measures of managing these legal and ethical issues. Pikula (1999) observes that in merging two or more entities, the management of the companies must adhere to the Sherman Anti-trustRead MoreEssay about Interclean-Envirotech Merger862 Words   |  4 PagesInterClean-EnviroTech Merger HRM 548 InterClean-EnviroTech Merger In the acquisition of EnviroTech, InterClean Inc. is looking to increase its service-based division. 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It went public in 1962Read MoreCase Study: Tyco International: Leadership Crisis1653 Words   |  7 Pagesgiven in next pages. 1. What are the ethical and legal issues in this case? There are many legal and ethical issue has been given in this case. The ethical and legal issues at Tyco International range from discrimination, accounting fraud, grand larceny. The issues involved cohesion on the part of the CEO, and the members of his team. In addition, they placed great emphasis on placing their own values ahead of what was good for the organization. Ethical Issues: Leo Dennis Kozlowski handpicked a fewRead MoreEconomic Threats : Slow Growth Global Economy1151 Words   |  5 Pageseconomy (Pfizer annual review, 2014, p. 9) Demographic Opportunities: Aging population will lead to an increased need for medication and therapies Sociocultural Opportunities: As stated by Coulter, â€Å"people are becoming more concerned with green issues, looking for ways to be more environmentally friendly (Coulter, 2013, p. 239). This is an opportunity for Pfizer to promote their carbon emission reduction and green chemistry programs. Similarly, people are becoming more concerned with CSR relatedRead MoreEthical and Regulatory Issues Facing the Telecommunications Industry1624 Words   |  7 PagesEthical and Regulatory Issues Facing the Telecommunications Industry President Clinton signed the Telecommunications Act of 1996 into law in February 1996. The law modified earlier legislation, primarily the Communications Act of 1934. The legislation regulates broadcasting by over-the-air television and radio stations, cable television operators, satellite broadcasters, wireline telephone companies (local and long distance) and wireless telephone companies. The general intention of the Act wasRead MoreCase Study: Tyco International: Leadership Crisis1647 Words   |  7 Pagesin next pages. 1. What are the ethical and legal issues in this case? There are many legal and ethical issue has been given in this case. The ethical and legal issues at Tyco International range from discrimination, accounting fraud, grand larceny. The issues involved cohesion on the part of the CEO, and the members of his team. In addition, they placed great emphasis on placing their own values ahead of what was good for the organization. Ethical Issues: Leo Dennis Kozlowski handpicked aRead MoreContemporary Issues in Financial Management3088 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Contemporary Issues in Financial Management Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Contemporary financial management issues: 3 Mergers and acquisitions: 4 Leveraged buyout: 4 Hostile Takeover: 5 Global outsourcing: 5 Corporate governance: 5 Selected contemporary issue: 6 Company Background: 7 Financial strategy: 8 Impacts of acquisition on ethical issues: 9 Financial situation prior to acquisition: 10 Financial situation after the acquisition: 10 Successful management ofRead MoreAntitrust: Cartel and Federal Trade Commission1197 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy, this paper will examine the legal obstacles faced by the merger proposal between US Airways Group Inc. and American Airlines parent corporation AMR. The focus of the paper is to examine the legal hurdles posed by antitrust laws used to block the merger and then briefly explore possible ethical issues associated with allowing US Airways Group Inc. and AMR to merge. Antitrust Laws There are three core federal antitrust laws in effect today in our US legal system. They are the Sherman Act,

Educational Support In Rural Zimbabwe Education Essay Free Essays

string(77) " because instruction is non adequately demanded due to miss of service fees\." Cash Transfer system is presently a popular discourse in poorness decrease. Originally designed as an intercession scheme under dearth and exigency conditions, hard currency transportation has now been applied as a wide spectrum instrument in poorness decrease including kids ‘s public assistance. Inspired by Sens ‘ Entitlement Approach, hard currency transportation is a demand side intercession aimed at stimulating demand for services through administering hard currency to the mark population. We will write a custom essay sample on Educational Support In Rural Zimbabwe Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cash transportations are a non-contributory grant such as income support, kid grants, Foster attention grants and scholarships. Focus of this paper is limited to whether such grants are conditional or non. Conditional Cash transportations have been used to advance instruction in Latin America. Disbursement of hard currency was made on status that school traveling kids in the family are enrolled or attend school or both. This attack seems to estrange instruction from other family demands and do it alone to kids. However, repressing the family factors that led to under demand for instruction by enforcing conditions might non be the best solution in bettering entree to instruction. An apprehension of how instruction can be promoted in the background of family demand forms and resource allotment determinations seems believable. The focal point is on the family for two grounds. First, Most kids live in families and families are an of import establishment in supplying kids with primary de mands. In this position, family operation ( the extent to which all it needs are met ) is of import in run intoing kids ‘s demands. Second, the demands of families are by and large linked and complementary to each other, in which instruction is one. Therefore, run intoing kids ‘s primary demands such as wellness and instruction through hard currency transportations is most likely to be sustainably achieved through a family attack. This essay reviews the literature environing the usage of hard currency transportations in advancing orphans and vulnerable kids ( OVC ) instruction, while concentrating on how rural Zimbabwe families can be instrumental in guaranting sustainable demand for instruction. Children and instruction in Zimbabwe The demand for instruction in Zimbabwe has been greatly affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic and intensifying poorness. In 2004, Catholic Relief Services estimated that about 30 % of kids were orphans[ 1 ]. AIDS related Orphan population is estimated to hold reached 1.1 million in 2010[ 2 ]. A big figure of orphans are populating in drawn-out households largely in rural countries. Bettering entree to instruction for orphans and other kids made vulnerable by poorness therefore requires a wider attack that besides caters for loss in support. The Basic Education Assistance Module ( BEAM ) revived in 2010 under the Ministry of Education Sports and Culture to supply educational subsidies towards OVC has an mean coverage of merely 7.8 % ( Mushunje and Mafico. 2010 ) . The net registration rate for primary school is approximates 90 % harmonizing to UNICEF statistics[ 3 ]. However, attending has been greatly affected by the intensifying economic crisis. With unemployment rate good above 80 % , instruction aid is needed. Cash transportation and instruction Cash transportation has been used in human development through advancing entree to wellness, nutrition and formal instruction particularly aiming vulnerable kids. Success narratives in Latin America have strengthened the thought that conditional hard currency transportation can be employed across Africa in advancing formal instruction for kids. Registration and attending were used as indexs for success. However, enrolment entirely is non sufficient in bettering instruction. Consistency in go toing school seems to be a comprehensive index for programme impact. Conditional hard currency transportation based programmes such as The Red de Proteccion Social Programme in Nicaragua resulted in an mean addition of 18 per centum points in registration and 23 per centum points in attending ( against a baseline of 70 % registration in the mark population ) between 2000 and 2003[ 4 ]. The Bolsa Familia Programme in Brazil has shown a lessening in school dropout and an addition in enrolment even though the sum of the hard currency transportation was less than that realised from child labor ( Chapman 2010 ) . The betterments in entree to instruction hold been attributed to handiness of hard currency for school fees and sometimes to worsen in child labor through increased household income. Several hard currency transportation programmes aimed at increasing the demand for instruction have besides been carried out in Africa. Kenya ‘s first stage of Cash Transfer Programme was launched in 2004 in 3 territories with each family having about USD 6.50 per month ( Bryant 2009 ) . Absenteeism declined by 16 % during the first 9 months in Kalomo territory Zambia where unconditioned hard currency transportation was implemented ( GTZ 2005 )[ 5 ]. Very few surveies have been documented about the usage of hard currency transportation in advancing instruction in Zimbabwe. However, a correlativity between an addition in income and an addition in puting instruction has been established in other hard currency transportation undertakings. The 2006 Zimbabwe Emergency Cash Transfer Pilot Programme aimed at bettering nutrient security in 3 territories of Zimbabwe indicated that some part of the money distributed was used to purchase educational equipment such as books ( Roman 2010 ) . Theoretical footing of hard currency transportations Cash transportation is fundamentally based on the Entitlement Approach ( OXFAM 2006 ) . Sen ( 1981 ) used the entitlement attack to explicate the dearth that occurred in Bengal in 1943.According to Sen ( ibid ) , people did non decease because of deficiency nutrient but ‘lacked the ability [ †¦ ] to command nutrient through the legal agencies available in the society ‘ , i.e. , entitlement failure ( ibid. :167 ) . They may besides hold failed to utilize this ability if it was present. Sen ( ibid. ) described two signifiers of entitlement failure, â€Å" pull † and â€Å" response † failures. Pull failures represents inability to demand, for illustration through pay loss in unemployment. Response failures represent inability to provide to run into demand, i.e. the inaccessibility of nutrient on the market. The hard currency transportation attack is fundamentally a demand -side intercession aimed at extenuating the pull failures. In other words, the attac k assumes that kids are out of school because instruction is non adequately demanded due to miss of service fees. You read "Educational Support In Rural Zimbabwe Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" The entitlement attack consists of three related constructs ; the gift set, entitlement function, and the entitlement set. The gift set is defined as resources owned by a individual ( legal ) both touchable and intangible for illustration land, knowledge/skill and labor power. It is these resources that either through exchange or production enables a individual to obtain other trade goods needed for endurance through agencies that are considered legal by the society in which 1 is portion of ( Osmani 1993 ) . Entitlement mapping refers to the procedure of change overing 1s gift into agencies possible to obtain trade goods packages of one ‘s pick. Therefore, laborers ‘ sale their labor to obtain rewards for purchasing trade goods while husbandmans sells their green goods to acquire hard currency for exchange with other trade goods. Social security falls within this procedure. Entitlement set ( trade good package ) , refers to the existent trade goods which people chose to hold for fulfilling their demands. The entitlement set besides includes goods and services obtained through public provisioning such as free instruction. Several advantages have been identified by pro hard currency transportation assistance coders in nutrient security ( e.g. OXFAM 2003 ) . These include reduced response clip, flexibleness and expanded picks for donees and cost effectivity in term of absence of procurance costs. Using conditional hard currency transportation in instruction seems to fall short of some of the above advantages, family picks are really limited, and costs per donee are likely to lift due to supervising costs. Even when statements point out that conditioning improves effectiveness particularly when a specific group within the family such as kids are targeted, effectivity still rest on the health professionals ‘ pick to take part or honor the conditions. The undermentioned subdivision analyse family from the entitlement attack position. Locating families within the Entitlement Approach Framework. A ‘household ‘ fundamentally consists of people populating in the same home and have common agencies for endurance. A family might non be household but assorted household composed of members from more than one household. Cash transportations are a manner of giving families capacity to demand services. Families make picks or ‘map ‘ on the services depending on their demands. The procedure of entitlement function at the family degree determines whether instruction as a ingestion good will be portion of the entitlement set, unless conditions are imposed. In a state of affairs of really limited resources under poorness conditions, demands that are considered most of import are more likely to acquire attending foremost. This suggests a additive relationship among demands. Besides needs that complement each other tend to be located closer to each other in the relationship. Therefore, a closer appraisal of overall family demand form is of import before an effort to e xcite demand for instruction. Sing the fact that a family operation is indispensable for kids ‘s public assistance, a comprehensive bundle may be necessary to do such intercession sustainable. Traditional microeconomic theoretical accounts assume that families consist of person who are a public-service corporation maximising ( Cornia and steward 1995 ) . The family make corporate determinations and income is allocated in the best manner to run into the demands of the family. A family is merely limited by the entire budget at its disposal ( Vermeulen 2002 ) . Under the public-service corporation theoretical account, even if the hard currency is disbursed to a family without any specific targeting, every member of the house is assured of a just portion from the corporate appropriation procedure. However, Individuals of course have different penchants or at least differ in precedences. When I was turning up at that place were infinite times when I would desire money to travel to a film house merely to be told that the few dollars left were for my male parents ‘ conveyance to work ( likely budgetary restraints ) , or that I would instead inquire for a new brace of school places ( precedence ) . Samuelson ( 1956 ) made an effort to explicate the inevitableness of single penchants and suggest that at least family members argue for their ain personal penchants and make a consensus to aggregate their public-service corporations. Becker ( 1974 ) unlike Samuelson, suggest the being of a benevolent family caput through which corporate public-service corporation is achieved. On the other manus, the bargaining theoretical account assumes a bargaining procedure among family members. The ultimate allotment of resources depends on the bargaining power of each person or groups within the family ( Cornia and steward 1995 ) . In this theoretical account, kids are expected to dicker for demands like school fees and other rudimentss. The above family theoretical accounts are an of import measure in understanding family ingestion forms. Concentrating on the rural Zimbabwe in a scenario of really limited resources, it is most likely that the demands ( including instruction ) would be prioritised in a superior order with the topmost needs having financess before those lower in rank. Assuming that kids will hold much dickering power particularly in an drawn-out household family might be an simplism. Demand for instruction is largely possible when it is considered a family demand and the budget license. The diminution in absenteeism rates in non-conditional hard currency transportations in Kalomo Zambia suggests that the demand for instruction might non needfully necessitate to be induced, but increased ingestion on other demands is positively correlated to ingestion on instruction. Targeting Children within the family Most kids exist in families, and have entree to basic demands such as nutrient, shelter, and instruction by virtuousness of being household members. Children who separate from a family might lose some basic demands such as shelter and nutrient. Children populating on the streets are a good illustration. Targeting kids in a manner that recognises this relationship is hence of import. This logically translate to the thought that a balance should be stuck among the viing demands within the family whether through public-service corporation maximising or dialogue. Targeting kids presents a challenge in poorness intercessions. If our position is that a family is necessary for kids ‘s endurance, we are most likely to accept that realization of kids ‘s entree to instruction is achieved when the family is working good ( i.e. affording most of its basic demands ) . On the other manus, if we hold the position that the family has failed to supply entree to basic demands for kids, we tend to estrange kids from the family and seek solutions that are limited to kids. Even if a plan is designed to references direct costs of instruction, the kids can merely go to school if the family attains some degrees of satisfaction on its other demands, for illustration, lower limit nutrient demands. It is hence of import to see the adequateness of the sum of hard currency transportation in intercessions. Beneficiaries in Kalomo District in Zambia indicated that the size of the hard currency transportations given were non plenty to run into the basic family demands ( Wietler 2007 ) , neither USD 6.50 per month transportations in Kenya might be sufficient to convey sensible alteration in a family ‘s economic status. Regularity of income is besides of import. The success of the Bolsa Familia programme is partially attributed to dependability of regular income even though the transportations where less than incomes form child labor ( Chapman 2010 ) . Other obstructions in aiming kids are deserving to see. During the choice of the mark population there are a scope of factors that might exclude/omit meriting families or kids to be donees. For illustration, deficiency of designation paperss or the clip interval between choices of donees. The choice of donees does non take topographic point every twenty-four hours for logistical grounds, while kids are invariably falling vulnerable from assorted grounds. Excessive coverage happens when people who do n’t run into the standards for inclusion benefits form an intercession. Cornea and Stewart ( 1995 ) working in the country of nutrient subsidies argued that the chance of inordinate coverage lessenings when most of the people in a population meets the standards for inclusion. Sing the figure of out of school kids populating below the poorness threshold in rural Zimbabwe, coders should non go much disquieted about mark preciseness. Otherwise the cost of supervising for conformity wi ll go expensive and lead to an addition in costs per donee. In a survey of 15 Sub Saharan states, Kakwani and Son ( 2005 ) discovered that the Pro-Poor Policy Index differences were non important in conditions of perfect aiming and cosmopolitan targeting, particularly where degrees of poorness were really high. Entree to instruction is non merely determined by the ability to run into direct costs of instruction. Other factors that need to be established through a situational analysis are of import before make up one’s minding whether hard currency transportations ( conditional or non-conditional ) provides the best solution or non. The perceptual experience held the family on instruction may play a function. For illustration, ingestion on instruction may depend on whether it is considered an investing or ingestion good ( Kakwani et. Al. 2006 ) . The impact of instruction proviso besides depends on the quality of instruction. Consequently, supply side needs attending in footings of instructor preparation, educational installations and equal equipment. Success of the Red de Proteccion Social Programme in Nicaragua is besides attributed to fillips received by instructors for each kid who attend school and half of the sum was used to secure school stuff ( Chapman 2006 ) . Decision Cash transportations primary aim is by and large to cut down poorness and exposure and besides to increase affordability of trade goods. This nonsubjective can be achieved rather easy by utilizing non conditional assortments of hard currency transportations. Some literatures suggest that conditional hard currency transportations are the most effectual in advancing kids ‘s human capital development. However, the justification of utilizing conditions on hard currency transportations is unfastened to debate and unfavorable judgment. Conditional hard currency transportations cut down picks for families and might non needfully reflect the pending demands people have. Even though conditional hard currency transportations can be introduced to hike weak demand in instruction, an apprehension of state of affairss taking to less than expected ingestion on instruction is required. This entails apprehension of local family economic and societal functionalities. Evidence of an addition in i nvesting in instruction under non-conditional hard currency transportation suggests that instruction is a family demand. Therefore, advancing kids ‘s instruction within the family model is most likely to be sustainable. All the same, household ingestion degrees on each demand tend to be related, complemented, or may be partly influenced by ingestion of another. Policy shapers besides need to see a web of grounds why families sometimes fail to adequately demand instruction in rural Zimbabwe. Considerations must be taken to see if hard currency transportation in its assorted signifiers can be used as a primary instrument or as a complement to other more relevant schemes particularly against a background of intensifying educational crisis. How to cite Educational Support In Rural Zimbabwe Education Essay, Essay examples

Competitive Strategy and Business Model Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy and Business Model Innovation. Answer: Introduction: Strategy is a method in an organization that improves and implements various plans to achieve the objectives and aims. Strategic management is a continuous process. According to Lasserre (2012), strategic management helps to identify the target customers and their preference. Strategy needs goals, mission statement, objectives, guide and values to check the opportunities. Goal setting help the manager to make strategic decisions like how the target can be met and larger the revenue. Goal setting helps to identify the plans to compete in the competitive and international business market (YouTube. 2016). Before applying strategy, it is necessary to know about the strength and weakness of the organization. The organization needs to analysis both the internal and external factors like competition and implementing technologies. Strategy formation The concept of strategy formation develops particular actions to enable an organization to achieve the goals. Strategy formation requires information from analysis, priorities and decision making to point out issues of the organization (Ward and Peppard 2016). Strategy implementation puts the specific strategy to meet the organizational aims. The concept is to bring together all necessary resources to bring strategic plan. The organizations should put strategies via developing programs, policies and budgets to achieve financial, HRM resources and operational aims. After implementation of strategies, it is necessary to monitor the organizational strategies. Strategy monitoring develops the determination of strategies. It is necessary to monitor the plans of working areas to measure and compare the predictable results (Lasserre 2012). By monitoring, the organizational managers are able to know that when and how they have to implement the plan to change their strategies to change the trends. Application of Key ideas: Biopharm is a renowned pharmaceutical company in Australia that is now the leading pharmaceutical organization of the world. To achieve the position in the global market, Biopharm has implemented strategies. As Biopharm is a pharmaceutical company, it is a part of health care and very profitable company in Australia. The strategic management of Biopharm helped the citizen and government of Australia. The goal of the Biopharm was to achieve the fame in international pharmaceutical market. According to Keshavan et al. (2016), the mission statement and objectives of Biopharm was very clear and the guidance provided them opportunities to achieve the goal. The goal setting helped the manger of Biopharm to create the strategic decision. The strategic management helped to meet the target and gain more profit. Strategic management helped Biopharm to identify the competitors and competitive market in global market. Before applying strategic changes, the management of Biopharm has identified t he internal and external factors to enter into the international market. The strategic management helped Biopharm to develop specific actions of the company to grab the aims. The concept of strategy implementation brought the strategic plans to an action. Biopharm achieved the strategic plan by various programs and implementation of policies. Biopharm has strong strategic management that helped the company to develop the productivity, quality and service (Lasserre 2012). Business model innovation helps to develop new concepts that support the financial viability of an organization. Financial viability includes mission, bringing process of the concepts to achievement. Key ideas of Business Model Innovation: The goal of business model is to improve product value and deliver to the particular customers. Business model innovation helps to the target customers and the offering products to the customers (YouTube, 2016). It also helps to know the creation of value proposition and the generated revenues. The four steps of Business model innovation are initiation, ideation, integration and implementation. At the initiation steps, the company needs to analyze the recent Business model to identify the target customers and offering products. Ideation steps provide idea about the product creation. The third step helps assume the basic logic of the industry and to generate idea of the result like revenues. In the last step, the company needs to implement business model innovation to get effective outcomes. As opined by Afuah (2014), an organization can take idea of business model innovation from other organization but should not copy the same model innovation. Coping business model innovation of ano ther organization can give profit but that will be temporary. Massa and Tucci (2013) suggested that when an organization plans to apply business model innovation, they need to observe the other companies that are already using the model. The company management needs to remember the soft factors of the company before applying business model innovation (YouTube. 2016). Application of Key ideas: At the beginning of 2000, Apple made changes by applying business model innovation successfully. Business model innovation gave competitive advantages to Apple. However, business model innovative has several systemic risks. This helped to stay in the competitive business market and influence the growth. Apple is the number one international innovative company that has launched the touch pad phones for the first time. Apple has various innovation strategy including stylish new products, services and features. Apple introduces the products like iPod, iTunes and iPhones. Before 2000, Apple offered just computer desktops in market. According to Massa and Tucci (2013), iPod and iTunes are music devices, which can be used to download music. iPhone was another device that made huge profit for Apple. Apple gained huge profit by innovation of iTunes and iPods. iPhone had a huge acceptation in the mobile phone market globally. It was an innovative idea to launch smart phones with touch pad. Af ter implementation of business model, the financial state of Apple also increased. It took the leading position of smart phone in the mobile market. Apple has invented new software that has strong business model. As stated by Slack (2015), new product innovation and business model innovation provided a brand new market that is 30 times bigger than the original market to Apple. Business model innovation raised the traditional shares of Apple in the computer market. Apple has successfully achieved the customer loyalty. New generation customers became attracted to iPods, iPhones and iTunes, which is very profitable to Apple. References: Afuah, A., 2014.Business model innovation: concepts, analysis, and cases. Routledge. Keshavan, M.S., Lawler, A.N., Nasrallah, H.A. and Tandon, R., 2016. New drug developments in psychosis: Challenges, opportunities and strategies.Progress in Neurobiology. Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan. Massa, L. and Tucci, C.L., 2013. Business model innovation.The Oxford Handbook of Innovafion Management, pp.420-441. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016.The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons. YouTube. (2016). Business Model Innovation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMI [Accessed 20 Dec. 2016]. YouTube. (2016). What is Strategy?. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD7WSLeQtVw [Accessed 20 Dec. 2016].

William Faulkner Essay Paper Example For Students

William Faulkner Essay Paper William Faulkner: His Life and Achievements William Faulkner is viewed by many as Americas greatest writer of prose fiction. He was born in New Albany, Mississippi where he lived a life filled with good times and bad times. However, despite bad times he would become known as a poet, a short story writer, and finally one of the greatest contemporary novelist of his time. William Faulkners accomplishments resulted not only from his love and devotion of writing, but also from family, friends, and certain uncontrollable events. William Faulkners life is an astonishing accomplishment; however, it is crucial to explore his life prior to his fixated writing career. In 1905, Faulkner entered the first grade at a tender age of eight, and immediately showed signs of talent. We will write a custom essay on William Faulkner Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He not only drew an explicitly detailed drawing of a locomotive, but he soon became an honour-roll student: His report card would show no grades below Perfect or Excellent (Blotner 21). Throughout his early education he would work conscientiously at reading, spelling, writing, and arithmetic; however, he especially enjoyed drawing. His deportment at school was very high, but it was not as high as it was at home. When Faulkner got promoted to third grade, skipping the second grade, he was asked by his teacher what he wanted to be when he grew up, and he replied, I want to be a writer just like my great granddaddy (Blotner 23). At last, (in 1914) Faulkner took interest in poetry, but no one in Oxford could tell him what to do with his poems. Meanwhile, Faulkner, who is very talkative, would always entertain Katrina Carter and Estelle Oldham by telling them vividly imagined stories. Eventually, Faulkner grew very fond of Estelle in fact, if he heard her voice he would deliberately attempt to be spotted by Katrina in hopes that she asks him to join her. Estelle soon became the sole inspirer and recipient of Faulkners earlier poems. Coincidentally, a gentleman named Phil Stone would fall in love with Estelles friend, Katrina. As a result, Katrina had told Stone about Faulkner and his poetry. So one afternoon, Stone walked to Faulkners home to get acquainted, and during his visit he received several written verses from Faulkner poetry collections: Anybody could have seen that he (Faulkner) had talentit was perfectly obvious (Blotner 44). Stone not only became Faulkners close friend, but also a mentor to the young writer at the beginning of his career. Stone immediately gave the potential poet encouragement, advice, and models for his study of literature. For example, Stone would give practice drills in punctuation, as well as lecture Faulkner on goals and grammars. Meanwhile, Faulkners main interest in school became athletics such as football and baseball, thus his grades started to deteriorate: Bill showed absolutely no interest in the education being offeredHe gazed out the windows, and answered the simplest questions with I dont know (Blotner 39). Eventually, he would quit both athletics and school altogether. In 1919, his first literary work was acknowledged and published in The New Republic. The poem is a forty-line verse with a French title that acknowledges the influence of the French Symbolist, LApres-Midi dun Faune. In September, Faulkner would enroll in the University of Mississippi, and during his academic years it did not deter him from writing more poems. The Mississippian, the student paper, published Landing in Luck by Faulkner- the story is a nine-page short story created from his direct experience in the Royal Air Force flight training in 1916. He has also written several other poems such as Cathay, which is published in the Oxford Eagle and Sapphic, which is published in The Mississippian. During the summer, Faulkner became a house painter in Oxford, and in the beginning of autumn he enrolled in the University of Mississippi; however, his early pattern of school started to take toll. Faulkner began to cut classes and finally just stopped going. Although, this time he participated in a drama club called The Marionettes, and began to publish book reviews in The Mississippian. .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .postImageUrl , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:hover , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:visited , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:active { border:0!important; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:active , .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub123d9fd73a738eb116df6a981cab97b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Apollo 13 (as-508): Houston, We Have A Problem. Essay In the summer of 1921, Faulkner decided to take a trip to New York to receive some professional instructions from editors and critics, since Stone was busy with his academic studies. Faulkner stayed with a man named Stark Young, where they shared an incredibly small apartment. Later, Young introduced Faulkner to Elizabeth Prall of the Doubleday bookstore to see if she wanted some help prior to the Christmas rush. Reluctantly, Prall accepted and never regretted her choice since. Faulkner made a good clerk-polite, interested, and one of the best salesman in the store All the customers fell for him like a ton of bricks (Blotner 105). During his stay in New York, Maud Faulkner and Stone became very worried about Faulkner and his financial troubles. Meanwhile, Stone immediately went to work on behalf of his friend, and soon became the Assistant District Attorney. As a result, Stone used his political powers and appeals to influence U. S. Senator Harrison to promise Faulkner a decent job as a postmaster at the university substation. Faulkners job would last him between 1922 to 1924 with an annual salary of fifteen hundred dollars. Even as postmaster, Faulkner still found time to write and publish a short prose poem The Hill, in The Mississippian. This poem was a great importance to Faulkner as it served to be the beginning of the rural setting of his future Yoknapatwpha novels, and his first objective to real life characters. As a result of friends and unexpected events, William Faulkner would soon write novels. Consequently, he realized his career faced the best of times and the worst of times. However, it became clear that his writing would eventually become his life long happiness. During the late months of June through November in 1923, there was a correspondence between Faulkner and the Four Seas Company, a publisher in Boston, concerning Faulkners manuscript entitled Orpheus and other poems. Unfortunately, the publication of the poems was futile without a financial contribution, which he was unable to provide. However, Stone helped Faulkner by writing to the Four Seas Company in hopes of offering Faulkners manuscript The Marble Faun. Reluctantly, it was accepted and by the end of the year the company published 1,000 copies of his novel, which was dedicated to Faulkners mother, and prefaced by Stone. In May, Faulkner finished the typescript for Soldiers Pay, which he sent to the publisher Horace Liveright, who gave Faulkner two hundred dollars in advanced pay. He used the money to pay for his trip to Europe. While in Paris, Faulkner began to work on the novel Elmer; unfortunately, it was never completed, but exists today in several versions. After arriving in England, Faulkner decided to go back home. Upon his arrival in New York, he immediately began his next novel Mosquitoes, which was published a year later by Boni Liveright. In September of 1927, Faulkner finished yet another novel entitled Flags in the Dust; however, it was rejected in the following month, and was returned in December. Afterward, Faulkner received the go ahead by his publishing company to send his typescript to another company, which is now Harcourt, Brace. Unfortunately, even though the novel was published, it was reduced to 110,000 words and the title Flags in the Dust was finally replaced by Sartoris instead. Within the same month, Faulkner began The Sound and the Fury, which was finished by October. The published novel soon became a critical success with only 1,789 copies. In 1928, Faulkner broke ties with Harcourt, Brace, and signed a new contract with a new publishing house of Jonathan Cape Harrison Smith, which entitled them to Faulkners new novel entitled, Sanctuary. Faulkner took the typescript and decided to correct the proofs on his honeymoon with his wife, Estelle. .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .postImageUrl , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:hover , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:visited , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:active { border:0!important; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:active , .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8 .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9af0b6d62929b26636c829a9f228bbc8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cheating Essay Finally, Faulkners novel, Sanctuary, was soon published, and in astonishment 6,457 copies were sold. As a result, Faulkner soon realized that he is now the most important figure in American letters. William Faulkner deserved every single award given to him, because of his intense love and dedication to literature. Nevertheless, it is just as important to know what he has won, as well as how he won them. Therefore, in examining and analyzing Faulkners work it will help us understand and appreciate his gift of writing. Throughout Faulkners life he has won many awards on behalf of his talent for literature, and the following are just a few of his awards: (1950) Nobel Prize for Literature, (1950) American Academys Howells Medal for Fiction, (1951) National Book Award for Fiction, (1951) Legion of Honour in New Orleans, (1955) Pulitzer Prize, (1957) Silver Medal of Greek Academy, (1962) Gold Medal for Fiction from the National Institution of Arts Letters. Even though Faulkner won all these awards, there was at least one award that had many conflicting views by many American critics. That award pertains to the Pulitzer Prize awarded to Faulkner novel, The Fable. The story takes place within a fortress city of Chaulnesmont, two days after the mutiny of a French regiment. The chief plot is set when a regiment of soldiers refused an order to fight knowing that the attack would not be successful. The theme of sacrifice is the central meaning of the novel. Is it on the grounds of military necessity or expediency, or on the grounds of personal sacrifice for some universal ideal; as a result, the main question asked is what is actually achieved by sacrifice. Several critics have pointed out the dualism that runs throughout A Fable, in which there are presence of good and evil, guilt and innocence, and bravery and fear. Despite America judging Faulkners novel as a failing accomplishment of its literary goals, A Fable was for the European readers: The most important novela literary masterpiece (Blotner 595). As we have seen, William Faulkners interest in writing was so intense that the meaning of giving up never crossed his mind. As a result, whenever he experienced hard times there would always be family and friends to aid him in his career. In any event, Faulkner proved that with great dedication and devotion anybody could achieve their goals.